Concepts for Exam IV
Topics from Exam One
Doppler Effect
Longitudinal and Transfer Waves
Human Hearing
Topics from Exam Two
Types of Spectra
Color Addition and Color Subtraction
Color and Temperature
Topics from Exam Three
Newton's 1st Law
Newton's 2nd Law
Newton's 3rd Law
Chapter 6 - Momentum
Momentum = mass times velocity
Impulse = force times time
Relationship of impulse and momentum: Impulse is equal to the
change in momentum for an object.
Conservation of Momentum: If there is no impulse, then the momentum
of an object will not change.
Elastic Collision: A collision in which colliding objects rebound.
The total kinetic energy does not change.
Inelastic Collision: A collision in which colliding objects are
deformed. Some of the kinetic energy is converted to heat energy.
Review the figures in your text involving impulse, momentum, recoil
and collisions.
Chapter 7 - Energy
Work = force applied times distance traveled
Potential Energy = mass times g times height
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 times mass times velocity2
Conservation of Energy: Energy cannot be created or destroyed;
it may be transformed from one form of energy into another.
Review the relationship between work and kinetic energy.
Chapter 8 - Rotational Motion
Rotational Inertia: The property of an object to resist any
change in its state of rotation.
Torque = force times lever-arm distance
Center of Mass: The average position of mass of an object.
Centripetal Force: a "center-seeking" force that keeps
an object in a circular path
Centrifugal Force: an outward force due to rotation.
Angular Momentum = rotational inertia times rotational velocity
Conservation of Angular Momentum: If there is no external torque,
then the angular momentum of an object will not change.
Review how the location of the center of mass effects that stability
of an object. Also review the figures in your text involving
conservation of angular momentum.
Chapter 9 - Gravity
Law of Universal Gravitation: The gravitational force between
to objects is 
where G is a constant,
m1 and m2 are the masses of
the two objects and d is the distance between their centers.
Weightlessness: A conditions wherein gravitational pull appears
to be lacking.
Review the types of tides and what causes them.
Review Lab Exercises
Reminder: The second and final exam will contain questions
pertaining to the lab. Look over the review for the lab exam.
How to Study
1. Review homework questions.
2. Review the Summary of Terms section at the end of each
chapter.
2. Review the questions throughout the chapters.
3. Study each picture in the chapters and read their captions.
4. Reread the chapters.